Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and trends in dietary supplement and natural remedy use in Sweden during the 1980s and 1990s.
Design: Three nationally representative, cross-sectional surveys conducted in 1980-81, 1988-89 and 1996-97 were used for analysis. In face-to-face interviews participants reported consumption of dietary supplements and natural remedies during the previous 2 weeks.
Setting: Sweden.
Subjects: The samples consisted totally of 38 594 adults aged 16-84 years (14 642 in the 1980-81 survey, 12 391 in the 1988-89 survey and 11 561 in the 1996-97 survey). Main outcome measures. Changes in prevalence of dietary supplement and natural remedy users between 1980 and 1997.
Results: The 70% increase in the prevalence of dietary supplement users amongst both men and women [odds ratio (OR), 1.7; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.6-1.9, OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.5-1.8, respectively] occurred mainly between 1988-89 and 1996-97. The increase in the prevalence of natural remedy users was even more dramatic - more than threefold in men (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 2.9-4.0) and almost threefold in women (OR, 2.6; 95% CI, 2.3-2.9) - and the systematic increase started already in the 1980s. The increase was observed in all age groups and in all socio-economic groups, except for farmers. In 1996-97 the prevalence of dietary supplement users was 22% amongst men and 33% amongst women, and of natural remedies 7 and 14%, respectively.
Conclusions: During the last two decades, the use of dietary supplements and natural remedies amongst the adult Swedish population has dramatically increased.