The objective of this study was to examine the quality-of-life concerns of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals and to assess their perceptions of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the need for safer sex, in light of treatment advances. Respondents were recruited from seven AIDS service organizations in New York City, and the total sample consisted of 196 HIV-infected individuals. The sample consisted largely of heterosexual, African Americans, and Latinos. Respondents completed a self-administered questionnaire that was made available in English or Spanish. Three-quarters of the sample were receiving protease inhibitor combination therapies. Overall, respondents reported a high level of life satisfaction as well as trust in their medical providers. Health worries and financial worries were the main areas of concern. A significant minority of respondents indicated reduced concern about AIDS and the need for continued safer sex practices, because of the latest treatments. Respondents with greater quality-of-life concerns were more likely to believe that AIDS was less severe now and that safer sex was less important.