Regioselective Synthesis of Mixed Indole 2,3-Bis(sulfides). A Study of the Mechanism of the Second Sulfenylation of Indole

J Org Chem. 1996 Mar 8;61(5):1573-1577. doi: 10.1021/jo951420n.

Abstract

Sulfenylation of indole using sulfenyl chlorides leads to the initial formation of a 3-indolyl sulfide, while excess reagent introduces a second sulfide at the 2-position of the ring. The mechanism of this second sulfenylation has not, to date, been rigorously elucidated. The development of the first, regioselective synthesis of mixed indole 2,3-bis(sulfides) has allowed the study of the sulfenylation of 3-indolyl sulfides using a different sulfenyl chloride. Our results afford evidence that the reaction proceeds via an intermediate 3,3-disulfenylated indolenine species, with subsequent migration of one of the sulfide groups to the 2-position.