Developmental aspects of psychostimulant treatment in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001 Dec;40(12):1441-7. doi: 10.1097/00004583-200112000-00015.

Abstract

Objectives: To examine the relationship between age and short-term clinical response to psychostimulant treatment in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to examine whether weight-corrected doses of optimized psychostimulant therapy varied as a function of patient age.

Method: One hundred seventy-seven patients were treated with either methylphenidate (MPH) or Adderall (ADL). Sixty-six youths received ADL and 111 patients were treated with MPH. All youths were evaluated at baseline and after receiving a week of treatment at each blinded, randomized dose level (placebo, 5, 10, or 15 mg). A "best dose" for each patient was assigned before the medication blind was broken. Behavioral ratings by both teachers and parents were examined for dose and medication effects.

Results: The medications had similar efficacy in children and teenagers. Older youths, however, benefited from a smaller weight-adjusted dose of medication than did the younger children. Similar efficacy was observed between the medications.

Conclusions: These data suggest that psychostimulants are equally effective in treating children and adolescents with ADHD. Adolescents with ADHD may not necessarily require more medication than younger children to achieve a similar therapeutic response.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Amphetamines / administration & dosage
  • Amphetamines / adverse effects
  • Amphetamines / therapeutic use*
  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / drug therapy*
  • Central Nervous System Stimulants / administration & dosage
  • Central Nervous System Stimulants / adverse effects
  • Central Nervous System Stimulants / therapeutic use*
  • Child
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mental Disorders / chemically induced
  • Mental Disorders / epidemiology
  • Methylphenidate / administration & dosage
  • Methylphenidate / adverse effects
  • Methylphenidate / therapeutic use*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires

Substances

  • Adderall
  • Amphetamines
  • Central Nervous System Stimulants
  • Methylphenidate