This paper reviews the current state of knowledge regarding the tools used in evaluating the workplace and worker in hopes of preventing low-back injury. Information regarding the current state of expenditure and trends toward ergonomic intervention are discussed. Acknowledgment is made of the increasing shift of responsibility from Compensation Boards to industry, and a review proactive preventative strategies and medical knowledge is included. Current ergonomic assessment tools are reviewed and the role of the Physical Ergonomist is introduced. Suggestions are made regarding the value of current and future approaches in prevention and direction of research.