Clinical characteristics and treatment of gestational trophoblastic tumor with vaginal metastasis

Gynecol Oncol. 2002 Mar;84(3):416-9. doi: 10.1006/gyno.2001.6540.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical manifestations, management options, and prognosis for women presenting with gestational trophoblastic tumors with vaginal metastasis.

Method: Fifty-one patients with vaginal metastases were analyzed retrospectively between January 1985 and September 2000. Vaginal metastasis were documented by physical examination and tissue biopsy.

Results: The incidence of vaginal metastasis in choriocarcinoma and invasive mole was 8.6 and 4.1%, respectively. The metastatic tumors were mostly located in the anterior wall of the lower part of vagina. Eighteen patients presented with hemorrhage and rupture. All patients were treated with 5-Fu combined chemotherapy. Vaginal packing was employed to stop bleeding in 16 patients. Three of them received selective angiographic embolization. Vaginal tumors disappeared after chemotherapy. Forty-four patients with complete remission were followed up periodically without evidence of recurrence.

Conclusions: Large or multiple vaginal metastases place the patients at high risk for significant hemorrhage. 5-Fu combined chemotherapy is still a reliable method for treating vaginal metastases. Angiographic embolization is emerging as a successful procedure to control the severe hemorrhage of vaginal tumors.

MeSH terms

  • Angiography / methods
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Biopsy
  • Choriocarcinoma / drug therapy
  • Choriocarcinoma / secondary*
  • Choriocarcinoma / therapy*
  • Embolization, Therapeutic / methods
  • Female
  • Fluorouracil / administration & dosage
  • Humans
  • Pregnancy
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Trophoblastic Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Trophoblastic Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Trophoblastic Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Uterine Hemorrhage / etiology
  • Uterine Hemorrhage / therapy
  • Vaginal Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Vaginal Neoplasms / secondary*
  • Vaginal Neoplasms / therapy*

Substances

  • Fluorouracil