Arthroscopic treatment of glenohumeral instability has become more common over the last years. Compared with open reconstruction which still is the gold standard in the treatment of glenohumeral instability the arthroscopic techniques show several advantages but also disadvantages that must be proved for every single case. Careful patient selection with regard of prognostic preoperative and intraoperative factors is substantial for successful treatment. When indicated using clinical, radiological and arthroscopic findings the results of arthroscopic stabilization could be improved over the last years and failure rates could be decreased.