Pap test results among low-income youth: prevalence of dysplasia and practice implications

J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2002 May-Jun;31(3):294-304. doi: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.2002.tb00051.x.

Abstract

Objectives: To describe Papanicolaou (Pap) test findings and identify prevalence and correlates of dysplastic cervical abnormalities in low-income adolescent females.

Design and setting: This cross-sectional study included a modified random sample of female students ages 16 to 25 years at 54 U.S. Job Corps centers.

Participants: 5,734 female students enrolled in a federal job training program. Admission health records were reviewed and abstracted.

Main outcome measure: Pap test findings using the Bethesda classifications. Pap smear results indicating dysplasia (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance [ASCUS] with dysplasia) or squamous intraepithelial lesions (low-grade squamous interepithelial lesions [LGSIL] or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions [HGSIL]). Participants with less severe findings were compared with those who needed follow-up.

Results: For 71.4% of participants, no abnormalities were found. 15.6% had benign cellular changes, 9.2% had reactive changes, and 9.9% had epithelial cell abnormalities. Of those tested, 5.6% (+/- 0.8%) had dysplastic Pap smear findings, with 0.3% (n = 12) HGSIL. All groups were equally affected, with abnormalities not associated with race/ethnicity, age, geographic region, education level, size of city of residence, or receiving public assistance.

Conclusions: In this population, dysplastic Pap smear results were not uncommon. Findings indicate that Pap screening, alone or in combination with more sensitive tests, can identify cervical abnormalities, including HGSIL, that suggest a need for further evaluation or follow-up.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adolescent Behavior
  • Adult
  • Attitude to Health*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Confidence Intervals
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Papanicolaou Test*
  • Papillomavirus Infections / diagnosis*
  • Papillomavirus Infections / epidemiology*
  • Papillomavirus Infections / nursing
  • Poverty
  • Prevalence
  • Probability
  • Risk Assessment
  • United States / epidemiology
  • Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / diagnosis*
  • Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / epidemiology*
  • Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / nursing
  • Vaginal Smears / statistics & numerical data*