Abstract
The need to ensure an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment for multiple sclerosis patients, considering the various clinical and immunopathological subtypes of the disease, requires the identification of biomarkers that measure disease activity and predict the course of disease development in individual patients. Moreover, the identification of effective indicators will lead not only to optimized patient treatment but also to the development of better tools for evaluating clinical trials. Recent studies focusing on the identification of possible immunological markers in multiple sclerosis will be reviewed.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Antigens, Surface / immunology
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Antigens, Surface / metabolism
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Biomarkers
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Cytokines / blood
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Cytokines / cerebrospinal fluid
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Cytokines / genetics
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Humans
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Immune System / immunology*
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Immune System / physiopathology
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Matrix Metalloproteinases / blood
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Matrix Metalloproteinases / cerebrospinal fluid
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Matrix Metalloproteinases / genetics
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Multiple Sclerosis / diagnosis
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Multiple Sclerosis / immunology*
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Multiple Sclerosis / physiopathology*
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Myelin Basic Protein / blood
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Myelin Basic Protein / urine
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Predictive Value of Tests
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Prognosis
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Uric Acid / blood
Substances
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Antigens, Surface
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Biomarkers
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Cytokines
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Myelin Basic Protein
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Uric Acid
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Matrix Metalloproteinases