In 174 cases of genitourinary tuberculosis diagnosed and treated in our clinic we evaluated, retrospectively, age and sex distributions, symptoms, physical and laboratory findings, primary focus, surgical and medical treatments. Flank pain and non-specific urinary complaints, e.g. dysuria, were the major symptoms. Although some authors prefer short-term medical therapy for the treatment of genitourinary tuberculosis, the relapse rate in our series after 12 months of therapy was 19% and we therefore suggest that therapy should be continued for at least 12 months. The poor nutritional status and social conditions characteristic of subjects from our region may, however, have influenced this high relapse rate.