Social support and self-control as variables in attitude toward life and Perceived control among older people in India

J Soc Psychol. 2002 Aug;142(4):527-40. doi: 10.1080/00224540209603916.

Abstract

The authors examined the effects of social support and self-control in a representative sample of 300 older adults in high-density households in an urban area of Agra City, India. The authors administered the Social Support Questionnaire (I. G. Sarason, H. M. Levine, R. B. Basham, & B. R. Sarason, 1983) and the Self-Control Schedule (M. Rosenbaum, 1980) to form a 2 (age group: young-old vs. old-old) x 2 (social support: high vs. low) x 2 (self-control: high vs. low) factorial design. Scores on the Life Attitude Profile (G. T. Recker & E. J. Peacock, 1981) and the Perceived Control Scale (P. Nayyar, 1993) were the dependent variables. The authors hypothesized that social support and self-control would act as moderators for a more positive attitude toward life and increased perceived control. The results supported the predictions: Social support and self-control in interaction with age reduced the crowding stress of high density and enhanced the older participants' perceived control and positive attitudes toward life.

MeSH terms

  • Adaptation, Psychological*
  • Age Factors
  • Aged / psychology*
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Crowding / psychology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • India
  • Internal-External Control*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Social Support*
  • Urban Population