Catalytic asymmetric sulfur ylide [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of carbenoids generated from aryldiazoacetates has been investigated with a number of chiral Rh(II) and Cu(I) catalysts, and moderately high enantioselectivity (52-78% ee) can be achieved with Cu(MeCN)(4)PF(6)/2,2'-isopropylidenebis[(4S)-4-tert-butyl-2-oxazoline].