Signals from the X: signal transduction and X-linked mental retardation

Int J Dev Neurosci. 2002 Jun-Aug;20(3-5):397-406. doi: 10.1016/s0736-5748(02)00016-3.

Abstract

The dramatic increase in genomic information is allowing the rapid identification of genes that are altered in mental retardation (MR). It is necessary to place their resulting gene products in their cellular context to understand how they may have contributed to a patient's cognitive deficits. This review will consider signaling molecules that have been implicated in X-linked MR and the known pathways by which these proteins covey information will be delineated. The proteins discussed include four distinct classes: transmembrane receptors, guanine nucleotide related proteins, kinases, and translational regulators.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Brain / growth & development
  • Brain / metabolism*
  • Brain / physiopathology
  • Cell Membrane / metabolism*
  • GTP-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • Genetic Diseases, X-Linked / genetics*
  • Genetic Diseases, X-Linked / metabolism
  • Genetic Diseases, X-Linked / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Intellectual Disability / genetics*
  • Intellectual Disability / metabolism
  • Intellectual Disability / physiopathology
  • Phosphotransferases / genetics
  • Phosphotransferases / metabolism
  • Protein Biosynthesis / genetics
  • Receptors, Cell Surface / genetics
  • Receptors, Cell Surface / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction / genetics*

Substances

  • Receptors, Cell Surface
  • Phosphotransferases
  • GTP-Binding Proteins