Enhancement of protective efficacy following intranasal immunization with vaccine plus a nontoxic LTK63 mutant delivered with nanoparticles

Infect Immun. 2002 Sep;70(9):4785-90. doi: 10.1128/IAI.70.9.4785-4790.2002.

Abstract

Most vaccines are still given parenterally. Mucosal vaccination would offer different advantages over parenteral immunization, including blocking of the pathogens at the portal of entry. In this paper, nontoxic Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) mutants and Supramolecular Biovector systems (SMBV) were evaluated in mice as mucosal adjuvants and delivery systems, respectively, for intranasal immunization with the conjugated group C meningococcal vaccine. The conjugated vaccine formulated together with the LT mutants and the SMBV induced very high titers of serum and mucosal antibodies specific for the group C meningococcal polysaccharide. This vaccination strategy also induced high titers of antibodies with bactericidal activity, which is known to correlate with efficacy. Importantly, the mucosal vaccination, but not the conventional parenteral vaccination, induced bactericidal antibodies at the mucosal level. These data strongly support the feasibility of development of intranasal vaccines with an enhanced protective efficacy against meningococci and possibly against other encapsulated bacteria.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adjuvants, Immunologic / administration & dosage*
  • Administration, Intranasal
  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Bacterial / biosynthesis
  • Antibodies, Bacterial / blood
  • Bacterial Toxins / administration & dosage*
  • Bacterial Toxins / genetics
  • Enterotoxins / administration & dosage*
  • Enterotoxins / genetics
  • Escherichia coli / genetics
  • Escherichia coli / immunology
  • Escherichia coli Proteins*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunity, Mucosal
  • Meningococcal Vaccines / administration & dosage*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mutation
  • Neisseria meningitidis / immunology
  • Vaccines, Conjugate / administration & dosage

Substances

  • Adjuvants, Immunologic
  • Antibodies, Bacterial
  • Bacterial Toxins
  • Enterotoxins
  • Escherichia coli Proteins
  • Meningococcal Vaccines
  • Vaccines, Conjugate
  • serogroup C meningococcal conjugate vaccine
  • heat-labile enterotoxin, E coli