Dual mode of degradation of Cdc25 A phosphatase

EMBO J. 2002 Sep 16;21(18):4875-84. doi: 10.1093/emboj/cdf491.

Abstract

The Cdc25 dual-specificity phosphatases control progression through the eukaryotic cell division cycle by activating cyclin-dependent kinases. Cdc25 A regulates entry into S-phase by dephosphorylating Cdk2, it cooperates with activated oncogenes in inducing transformation and is overexpressed in several human tumors. DNA damage or DNA replication blocks induce phosphorylation of Cdc25 A and its subsequent degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Here we have investigated the regulation of Cdc25 A in the cell cycle. We found that Cdc25 A degradation during mitotic exit and in early G(1) is mediated by the anaphase-promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C)(Cdh1) ligase, and that a KEN-box motif in the N-terminus of the protein is required for its targeted degradation. Interestingly, the KEN-box mutated protein remains unstable in interphase and upon ionizing radiation exposure. Moreover, SCF (Skp1/Cullin/F-box) inactivation using an interfering Cul1 mutant accumulates and stabilizes Cdc25 A. The presence of Cul1 and Skp1 in Cdc25 A immunocomplexes suggests a direct involvement of SCF in Cdc25 A degradation during interphase. We propose that a dual mechanism of regulated degradation allows for fine tuning of Cdc25 A abundance in response to cell environment.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Motifs
  • Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome
  • Cdc20 Proteins
  • Cell Cycle / physiology*
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / metabolism
  • Genes, Reporter
  • HeLa Cells
  • Humans
  • Ligases / metabolism*
  • Macromolecular Substances
  • Plasmids / genetics
  • Plasmids / metabolism
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins*
  • Ubiquitin / metabolism
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes*
  • cdc25 Phosphatases / metabolism*

Substances

  • CDC20 protein, S cerevisiae
  • Cdc20 Proteins
  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • Macromolecular Substances
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
  • Ubiquitin
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes
  • Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome
  • CDC25A protein, human
  • cdc25 Phosphatases
  • Ligases