Despite the documented disease burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in the elderly, little is known about the underlying risk factors or pathogenesis of RSV in a geriatric population. This report describes an age-dependent change of RSV clearance in the lung and nose of the cotton rat. Six days postinfection with RSV, lung and nose viral titers were significantly higher in all older age groups as compared with 4- to 6-week old cotton rats (P < 0.05). When comparing the 4- to 6-week old animals to the 15- to 16-month old animals 6 days postinfection, there was over an 800- and 100-fold increase in lung and nose viral titers, respectively. The cotton rat may prove to be a useful model in eliciting mechanisms of severe RSV disease in the elderly.