Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used in the treatment of controlling inflammatory process and relief of pain in upper airways disorders, due to their inhibition of the cyclooxygenase (COX). After classical NSAIDs different adverse effects are observed, which limit their usage in many patients. The beginning of the nineties gave the evidences, that two cyclooxygenase isoforms existed: COX-1 and COX-2. The blockage of COX-1 in consequence cause the adverse effects of NSAIDs. And COX-2 is responsible for the most inflammatory symptoms, such as pain, oedema, fever, increase of vessel permeability. So the selective inhibitors of COX-2 would be much more safe drugs, comparing with the classical NSAIDs in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Nimesulide belongs to the new generation of NSAIDs. It not only inhibits more selectively the activity of COX-2, but has also some other properties, that increase its antiinflammatory and analgesic function. Effectiveness of nimesulide has been demonstrated by numerous clinical studies in various inflammatory diseases of upper airways. Its anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic efficacy has been at least comparable with classical NSAIDs, but the adverse effects of nimesulide have been milder and less frequent. So all those facts suggest, that nimesulide should be taken into account in the treatment of the inflammatory diseases of the ear, nose and throat.