Dominant and subordinate follicles were collected from mares on the day after the dominant follicle reached 30 mm in diameter, to investigate regulation of folliculogenesis during spring transition and the breeding season. Concentrations of oestradiol-17beta, progesterone and inhibin A, but not inhibin isoforms with pro- and alpha C-immunoreactivity, were significantly higher in preovulatory follicles than in dominant anovulatory transitional follicles. Steroidogenic activity was regained gradually in the dominant follicles of successive anovulatory waves through spring transition. The dominant follicles, during both spring transition and cyclicity, contained higher concentrations of oestradiol, progesterone and inhibin A, but not inhibin pro- and alpha C-isoforms, than subordinate follicles. The results indicate that high follicular levels of oestradiol, progesterone and inhibin A are associated with continued follicle growth and ovulation. The low concentrations of oestradiol and progesterone in transitional follicles indicate that the deficiency in steroidogenesis exists early in the steroidogenic pathway. The similarity in patterns of follicular hormones in spring transition and during cyclicity strongly suggests that the mechanism of dominance is the same in both types of follicle.