Abstract
Bacterial lipopeptides (bLPs) are increasingly used as adjuvants to activate cell-mediated immune responses to foreign Ags. To explore mechanisms whereby bLPs adjuvant T cell responses, we stimulated human PBMCs with bLPs. We found that bLPs stimulate T cells to proliferate and produce IFN-gamma in an accessory cell-dependent manner and in the absence of exogenous protein Ags. The ability of bLPs to stimulate T cell proliferation was Toll-like receptor 2 dependent and required IL-12, interaction with costimulatory molecules, and MHC proteins. Our data suggest that bLPs adjuvant adaptive Th1 responses by enhancing Ag presentation of endogenous peptides.
Publication types
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Adjuvants, Immunologic / metabolism
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Adjuvants, Immunologic / physiology*
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Antigens, CD / biosynthesis
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Antigens, CD / physiology
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B7-2 Antigen
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Bacterial Proteins / physiology*
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Carrier Proteins / physiology*
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Cell Division / immunology
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Cells, Cultured
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Cytokines / biosynthesis
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Drosophila Proteins*
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Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / physiology
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Humans
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Interleukin-12 / biosynthesis
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Interleukin-12 / physiology
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Leukocytes, Mononuclear / immunology
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Leukocytes, Mononuclear / metabolism
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Ligands
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Lipoproteins / physiology*
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Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
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Macrophage Activation / immunology
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Membrane Glycoproteins / biosynthesis
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Membrane Glycoproteins / metabolism
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Membrane Glycoproteins / physiology*
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Monocytes / cytology
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Monocytes / immunology
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Monocytes / metabolism
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis / immunology
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Receptors, Cell Surface / metabolism
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Receptors, Cell Surface / physiology*
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T-Lymphocyte Subsets / immunology
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Th1 Cells / cytology
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Th1 Cells / immunology*
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Th1 Cells / metabolism*
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Toll-Like Receptor 2
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Toll-Like Receptors
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Treponema pallidum / immunology
Substances
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47-kDa immunogen, Treponema pallidum
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Adjuvants, Immunologic
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Antigens, CD
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B7-2 Antigen
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Bacterial Proteins
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CD86 protein, human
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Carrier Proteins
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Cytokines
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Drosophila Proteins
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Histocompatibility Antigens Class II
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Ligands
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Lipoproteins
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Membrane Glycoproteins
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Receptors, Cell Surface
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TLR2 protein, human
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Toll-Like Receptor 2
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Toll-Like Receptors
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Interleukin-12