Anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL.) is known to cause single, self-healing and uncomplicated lesion mainly on the face. This paper presents a son and his mother with positive leishmaniasis IHAT (1/128 and 1/1924 respectively). The two isolates by enzymatic electrophoresis characterization proved to be Leishmania tropica that causes ACL. The son had two large ulcerative ACL on his left hand. The mother had a large ulceration and progressive erosion of the soft tissue (the right cheek and right eye) and the cartilage of the nose disfiguring and debilitating her face. The histpathological examination of the biopsy material obtained from the mother but not the material from her son, showed typical pathological picture of the basal cell carcinoma. No doubt, there are progressive changes in the pathogenesis of L. tropica and that it is one of the predisposing factor of the skin cell carcinoma.