Ocular trauma is a leading cause of visual loss in children. Understanding the fundamentals of eye trauma evaluation and management will help decrease associated ocular morbidity and visual loss. Many eye injuries are preventable and should not be viewed as random accidents. The primary care provider can help reinforce the need for protective eyewear during activities associated with ocular trauma. When evaluating infants who may have suffered child abuse, an ocular fundus examination is essential to rule out shaken infant syndrome.