Minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in green iguanas and the effect of butorphanol on minimum alveolar concentration

J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2003 Jun 1;222(11):1559-64. doi: 10.2460/javma.2003.222.1559.

Abstract

Objective: To determine minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane in green iguanas and effects of butorphanol on MAC.

Design: Prospective randomized trial.

Animals: 10 healthy mature iguanas.

Procedure: in each iguana, MAC was measured 3 times: twice after induction of anesthesia with isoflurane and once after induction of anesthesia with isoflurane and IM administration of butorphanol (1 mg/kg [0.45 mg/lb]). A blood sample was collected from the tail vein for blood-gas analysis at the beginning and end of the anesthetic period. The MAC was determined with a standard bracketing technique; an electrical current was used as the supramaximal stimulus. Animals were artificially ventilated with a ventilator set to deliver a tidal volume of 30 mL/kg (14 mL/lb) at a rate of 4 breaths/min.

Results: Mean +/- SD MAC values during the 3 trials (2 without and 1 with butorphanol) were 2.0 +/- 0.6, 2.1 +/- 0.6, and 1.7 +/- 0.7%, respectively, which were not significantly different from each other. Heart rate and end-tidal partial pressure of CO2 were also not significantly different among the 3 trials. Mean +/- SD heart rate was 48 +/- 10 beats/min; mean end-tidal partial pressure of CO2 was 22 +/- 10 mm Hg. There were no significant differences in blood-gas values for samples obtained at the beginning versus the end of the anesthetic period.

Conclusions and clinical relevance: Results suggest that the MAC of isoflurane in green iguanas is 2.1% and that butorphanol does not have any significant isoflurane-sparing effects.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Analgesics, Opioid / administration & dosage
  • Analgesics, Opioid / pharmacology*
  • Anesthetics, Inhalation / pharmacokinetics*
  • Animals
  • Blood Gas Analysis / veterinary
  • Butorphanol / administration & dosage
  • Butorphanol / pharmacology*
  • Cross-Over Studies
  • Drug Interactions
  • Female
  • Heart Rate / drug effects
  • Iguanas / metabolism*
  • Isoflurane / pharmacokinetics*
  • Male
  • Partial Pressure
  • Prospective Studies
  • Pulmonary Alveoli / drug effects
  • Pulmonary Alveoli / metabolism*
  • Random Allocation

Substances

  • Analgesics, Opioid
  • Anesthetics, Inhalation
  • Isoflurane
  • Butorphanol