Molecular and biological properties of an abrin A chain immunotoxin designed for therapy of human small cell lung cancer

Br J Cancer. 1992 Aug;66(2):361-6. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1992.271.

Abstract

An immunotoxin (IT) comprising abrin A chain attached to the mouse monoclonal antibody SWA11, recognising a cell surface antigen highly associated with human small cell lung cancer (SCLC), was synthesised using a hindered disulphide crosslinker, N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio) butyrate (SPDB), and purified by Blue Sepharose CL-6B affinity chromatography. The IT preparation contained monomeric conjugate, composed of one abrin A chain molecule linked to one SWA11 molecule, and was free from unconjugated A chain or antibody. The IT fully retained the cell-binding capacity of the antibody component and the ribosome-inactivating activity of the A chain. In cytotoxicity assays using the SW2 SCLC cell line in tissue culture, SWA11-SPDB-abrin A chain inhibited the incorporation of 3H-leucine by 50% at a concentration of 10 pM and by 99% at a concentration of 1 nM. The anti-tumour efficacy of the IT was tested in nude mice bearing established s.c. solid SW2 tumour xenografts. A single i.v. injection of SWA11-SPDB-abrin A chain at a non-toxic dose induced a significant 7 to 10 day growth delay that could not be matched by administration of equivalent doses of either unconjugated SWA11 or abrin A chain alone. The results of this study indicate that the antigen recognised by SWA11 is an effective target for therapy of SCLC with A chain ITs in vivo.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Abrin / therapeutic use*
  • Abrin / toxicity*
  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Carcinoma, Small Cell / therapy*
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Drug Design
  • Humans
  • Immunotoxins / isolation & purification
  • Immunotoxins / therapeutic use*
  • Immunotoxins / toxicity*
  • Kinetics
  • Lung Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Macromolecular Substances
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Nude
  • Neoplasm Transplantation
  • Ribosomes / drug effects
  • Ribosomes / metabolism
  • Transplantation, Heterologous

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Immunotoxins
  • Macromolecular Substances
  • Abrin