The reduction of the bronchial inflammatory reaction, in itself a triggering event for bronchospasm, is one of the main targets for treatment in bronchial asthma. An early engagement of anti-inflammatory agents is, therefore, as necessary for long-term treatment as the reduction of irritating or antigenic environmental factors. Assessment of therapeutic efficacy necessitates a regular and long-lasting surveillance of the patient. It can be provided by peak-flow measurement, performed by the patient himself. Finally, the close cooperation by patient and physician as well as the elaboration of a training program teaching the patient pathophysiology, symptoms and therapeutic possibilities are decisive for therapeutic success, i.e. the best possible restitution of pulmonary function.