The cerebellum has long been the subject of scientific investigation, but its role in nonmotor functions has only recently begun to receive serious consideration. Despite the growing literature linking the cerebellum to nonmotor/cognitive functions in humans, some controversy remains concerning the cerebellum's role in these processes. We present a patient who developed both specific language processing and verbal memory deficits and emotional changes in the context of normal intelligence following a bilateral cerebellar ischemic stroke. Despite having multiple localized cerebellar lesions, this patient had no significant motor problems, nor was there radiological evidence of focal forebrain lesions to which the cognitive and emotional effects might be attributed. The role of the cerebellum in cognition and the relevance of cerebellum-associated cognitive/emotional dysfunction to the practicing clinician are discussed.