GST M1 and CYP1A1 gene polymorphism and daily fruit consumption in Turkish patients with non-small cell lung carcinomas

In Vivo. 2003 Nov-Dec;17(6):625-32.

Abstract

Background: In general, the metabolism of carcinogens involves two pathways. The oxidative pathway, which enhances carcinogenesis (phase I), and the protective pathway, in which carcinogens are conjugated with a series of substances such as glutathione to achieve detoxification (phase II). It has been suggested that an increased phase I enzyme activity (CYP1A1) and a decreased phase II enzyme activity (GST M1) could each individually cause an increase in the risk of cancer.

Materials and methods: In the present study we explored the association between genetic polymorphisms of CYP 1A1 and GST M1 and non-small cell lung cancer (n = 55) and controls(n = 60) in Turkish subjects. We used PCR methods and enzyme restriction for determining polymorphism. A standard food questionnaire was used to determine daily fresh fruit consumption.

Results and conclusion: We found that CYP1A1 mutant variant (Ile/Val) was more highly expressed in Turkish patients and controls than in other Caucasian populations. Our findings were similar to Far Eastern populations (32.7% for patient group, 43.1% for controls). Inspite of the similarity between the groups regarding GST M1 polymorphism, in the patient group, patients with GST M1 null genotype had a statistically significant positive history of exposure to carcinogens other than smoking, such as asbestos, petrochemicals and/or other chemicals (p = 0.01). The patients, who had CYP 1A1 mutant variant, had increased risk of adenocarcinoma (p = 0.046) of lung (8 out of 18 patients) and 6 of them also had GST M1 (-) gene variants together. The patients who consumed less fruit daily had a greater risk of epidermoid carcinoma of lung (p = 0.019). However this study showed that there were no differences between the patient and control groups regarding genetic polymorphism of genes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / epidemiology
  • Adenocarcinoma / genetics
  • Antioxidants
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / epidemiology
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / genetics*
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / epidemiology
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / genetics
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / genetics*
  • Diet
  • Female
  • Fruit*
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease / epidemiology
  • Glutathione Transferase / genetics*
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms / epidemiology
  • Lung Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Polymorphism, Genetic
  • Risk Factors
  • Turkey / epidemiology

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1
  • Glutathione Transferase
  • glutathione S-transferase M1