State transitions induced by light and redox were investigated by observing the 77 K fluorescence spectra for the intact cells of Spirulina platensis. To clarify if phycobilisomes (PBSs) take part in the state transition, the contributions of PBSs to light-induced state transition were studied in untreated cells and the cells treated by betaine which fixed PBSs firmly on the thylakoid membranes. It was observed that the betaine-treated cells did not show any light-induced state transition. This result definitely confirmed that the light-induced excitation energy regulation between the two photosystems is mainly dependent on a spatial movement of PBSs on the thylakoid membranes, which makes PBS cores partially decoupled from photosystem II (PSII) while PBS rods more strongly coupled with photosystem I (PSI) during the transition from state 1 to state 2. On the other hand, an energy exchange between the two photosystems was observed in both untreated and betaine-treated cells during redox-induced state transition. These observations suggested that two different mechanisms were involved in the light-induced state transition and the redox-induced one. The former involves only a physical movement of PBSs, while the latter involves not only the movement of PBS but also energy spillover from PSII to PSI. A model for light-induced state transition was proposed based on the current results as well as well known knowledge.