Miniinvasive surgery together with general anesthesia, the antibiotherapy and the transplant, the argon laser, the electric and ultrasound scalpel, the mechanical sutures and imagistic techniques are "a new surgical era". The cystoscope Nietze, the Veres needle and the insufflations system with flow and pressure control, the improvement of laparoscopes, the invention of endoscopes with optical fibers, the miniaturized video camera connected to a video monitor and the fabrication of instruments of 10, 3 and 3 mm diameter permitted the rapid develop of miniinvasive surgery. This, from a diagnostic method, progressed with success to therapeutics procedures in the field of general, thoracic, urology, orthopedic, vascular and neurological surgery. The miniinvasive surgery associated with endoscopic surgery resolve some of the illnesses with small tissues lesions, with decreasing the sufferance and the number of complications, also decreasing the hospitalization period and facilitate the socio-professional re-entrance and increasing the quality of life. The miniinvasive surgical practice need good open surgical skills and a "learning curve" for each procedure also need to keep fundamental principium. The conversion is not a fail but an aspect of surgical maturity.