The transfusion requirements in 214 patients who received intraoperatively collected autologous blood during total hip arthroplasty (Study Group) were compared with 214 age- and sex-matched controls who received homologous bank blood (Control Group). There were 132 patients with primary operations, 27 bilateral, and 55 revisions in each group. In the Study Group, there was a reduction in the amount of homologous blood transfusion, intraoperatively as well as totally, and also in postoperative blood loss in all three operation subsets. The Study and Control Groups were equal in pre- and postoperative hemoglobin and hematocrit values.