The attempts to use liposomes as containers for the transport of therapeutic drugs have been undertaken during the recent 40 years. However, the first success was achieved only in the 80-ies, when the sterically stabilized liposomes were invented. It was found that the liposome biological layer modified through, adding to it, certain polymers prolonged the blood circulation and reduced the capture of liposomes by RES cells. Elaboration of immunoliposomes, i.e. those conjugated with antibodies, was the next step in the path of perfecting the liposomes as a transport tool for the sake of binding with target-cells and to ensure the address-oriented delivery of drugs to a pathology focus. Preclinical and clinical testing of liposome-form of antitumor drugs witnessed to their lower toxicity and better pharmacokinetic indices; besides, they selectively accumulate themselves in tumor cells and have a more pronounced therapeutic effect even at lower doses of drugs in case of tumors resistant to the already made chemotherapy.