The present study investigated Eysenck's predictions concerning the correlation of personality to arousal at higher levels of stress. Twenty young adults were exposed to a physical stress causing great discomfort, specifically a cold wind (4 degrees C at 60 km/h) exposure to the face for 3 min. Autonomic nervous system (ANS) responses were measured by continuous heart rate and plasma catecholamine determinations before, during and after the test. At the end of the test, the participants gave a rating of discomfort on a 0 to 10 scale. The personality traits were assessed with the Big-Five Inventory test (BFI). Results indicated that higher levels of trait extraversion were positively correlated with discomfort ratings and with the increased heart rate and the noradrenaline responses. Neuroticism was negatively correlated to discomfort and the autonomic responses. These findings tend to support Eysenck's theory on the role of personality on arousal at higher levels of stress. It is also proposed that the better tolerance to this severe stress observed with neuroticism is correlated to a certain habituation process caused by light to moderate arousal frequently experienced by participants with this personality trait during their daily activities.
Copyright 2004 Elsevier Inc.