Rolfing, or structural integration, is one of many types of manipulative therapy. This article describes the principles and history of Rolfing and reviews current research. Only a few clinical trials specifically have looked at Rolfing. Related research on deep tissue massage and myofascial release also is reviewed. Rolfing has a physiologic impact on the peripheral nervous system and on myofascial structures. Important clinical outcome measures, such as pain levels and function, have not been looked at specifically, however,in clinical trials.