Objective: Acute large-bowel obstruction (LBO) is considered a surgical emergency. In gynecologic oncology patients with LBO due to recurrent tumor, surgery has been the standard treatment. However, operative intervention has significant associated morbidity and mortality. Recent reports have addressed the use of colorectal stents for the treatment of colonic malignancies. We are reporting our experience with colorectal stents in gynecologic oncology patients.
Methods: We reviewed the records of all patients who underwent colorectal stent placement for palliation of LBO due to recurrent gynecologic malignancy from August 2001 to January 2003.
Results: Six patients were identified; five patients had recurrent ovarian cancer and one had recurrent endometrial cancer. The mean age of the six patients at the time of stent placement was 51.5 years (range, 22-83 years). The length of LBO ranged from 2 to 10 cm. Two patients had a lumen of 1 to 2 mm before stent placement, while the other four had a complete obstruction and needed balloon dilatation before the deployment of the stent. Four (67%) of six patients had immediate relief, with passage of stool and flatus noted at the time of the colorectal stent placement. Stent placement failed to relieve the LBO in two patients (33%); these patients went on to receive colostomies. Of the four patients who had successful stent placement, the mean survival after stent placement was 120 days. One patient had a contained sigmoid bowel perforation noted 12 days after stent placement, which resolved with conservative measures.
Conclusion: Colonic stents appear to be a useful option in the management of patients with LBO due to recurrent gynecologic malignancy.