Source bioaerosol concentration and rRNA gene-based identification of microorganisms aerosolized at a flood irrigation wastewater reuse site

Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005 Feb;71(2):804-10. doi: 10.1128/AEM.71.2.804-810.2005.

Abstract

Reuse of partially treated domestic wastewater for agricultural irrigation is a growing practice in arid regions throughout the world. A field sampling campaign to determine bioaerosol concentration, culturability, and identity at various wind speeds was conducted at a flooded wastewater irrigation site in Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico. Direct fluorescent microscopy measurements for total microorganisms, culture-based assays for heterotrophs and gram-negative enteric bacteria, and small-subunit rRNA gene-based cloning were used for microbial characterizations of aerosols and effluent wastewater samples. Bioaerosol results were divided into two wind speed regimens: (i) below 1.9 m/s, average speed 0.5 m/s, and (ii) above 1.9 m/s, average speed 4.5 m/s. Average air-borne concentration of total microorganisms, culturable heterotrophs, and gram-negative enteric bacteria were, respectively, 1.1, 4.2, and 6.2 orders of magnitude greater during the high-wind-speed regimen. Small-subunit rRNA gene clone libraries processed from samples from air and the irrigation effluent wastewater during a high-wind sampling event indicate that the majority of air clone sequences were more than 98% similar to clone sequences retrieved from the effluent wastewater sample. Overall results indicate that wind is a potential aerosolization mechanism of viable wastewater microorganisms at flood irrigation sites.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aerosols*
  • Agriculture / methods*
  • Air Microbiology*
  • Animals
  • Bacteria / classification
  • Bacteria / genetics
  • Bacteria / isolation & purification
  • Cloning, Molecular
  • Colony Count, Microbial
  • Eukaryota / classification
  • Eukaryota / genetics
  • Eukaryota / isolation & purification
  • Genes, rRNA*
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Phylogeny
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Rhodophyta / classification
  • Rhodophyta / genetics
  • Rhodophyta / isolation & purification
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA
  • Waste Disposal, Fluid / methods*
  • Water Microbiology

Substances

  • Aerosols

Associated data

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