Microbiological changes with the use of locally delivered doxycycline in the periodontal treatment of smokers

J Periodontol. 2004 Dec;75(12):1600-4. doi: 10.1902/jop.2004.75.12.1600.

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the association of locally delivered doxycycline 10% and scaling and root planing in the subgingival plaque of smokers.

Methods: Sixteen smokers with chronic periodontitis and a minimum of four pockets (> or = 5 mm) on anterior teeth that bled on probing were selected. Patients were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: scaling and root planing (SRP) or scaling and root planing followed by local application of doxycycline (SRP-D). Subgingival plaque samples were collected from initially moderate (5 to 6 mm) and deep (> or = 7 mm) pockets at baseline and 3 months. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis was used to detect the frequency of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), and Tannerella forsythensis (Tf).

Results: No statistically significant difference was found in the reduction of Aa in either the SRP-D or SRP group (P > 0.05). The reduction in Tf, Pg, and Tf + Pg was statistically significant for SRP-D only (P = 0.016, 0.027, and 0.027, respectively). The proportion of sites free of Tf at 3 months was 53% for SRP-D and 9% for SRP (P = 0.02). For Pg, this proportion was 82% and 40%, respectively (P = 0.05).

Conclusion: The use of locally delivered doxycycline may promote the elimination of T. forsythensis and P. gingivalis in a greater proportion of sites compared to conventional scaling and root planing in smokers.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Topical
  • Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans / drug effects
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Anti-Infective Agents, Local / administration & dosage
  • Bacteroides / drug effects
  • Chronic Disease
  • Colony Count, Microbial
  • DNA, Bacterial / analysis
  • Dental Plaque / etiology
  • Dental Plaque / microbiology*
  • Dental Scaling
  • Doxycycline / administration & dosage*
  • Humans
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Periodontitis / microbiology
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Porphyromonas gingivalis / drug effects
  • Smoking / adverse effects*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Anti-Infective Agents, Local
  • DNA, Bacterial
  • Doxycycline