Placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluating a 10% hydrogen peroxide whitening strip

J Clin Dent. 2004;15(4):118-22.

Abstract

Objective: A placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a 10% hydrogen peroxide strip-based whitening system in subjects with tooth discoloration and no previous history of tooth whitening.

Methodology: Informed consent was obtained, and 39 healthy adults were randomly assigned to either 10% hydrogen peroxide whitening strips (Crest Whitestrips Premium) or placebo strips with no peroxide. Strips were used unsupervised twice daily for 30 minutes over a seven-day period. At day four and day eight, tooth color (L*a*b*) was measured on the maxillary anterior teeth from standard digital images, and safety was assessed from examinations and subject reports.

Results: After three treatment days, the 10% hydrogen peroxide strip group had significant (p < 0.0001) color improvement from baseline, with means (SD) for deltab* and deltaL* of -1.57 (0.472) and 1.72 (0.619), respectively. Continued strip use from day four to day eight resulted in significant (p < 0.002) incremental improvement in both yellowness and lightness. By the end of treatment (day eight), the adjusted mean (SE) color change between groups was -2.20 (0.275) for deltab* and 2.24 (0.254) for deltaL*, a highly significant (p < 0.0001) color improvement for the 10% hydrogen peroxide group relative to placebo, of similar absolute magnitude for deltab* and deltaL*. Treatment with the 10% hydrogen peroxide strips was well-tolerated, with tooth sensitivity and oral irritation representing the most common findings.

Conclusion: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, statistically significant tooth whitening was evident after three days' treatment with 10% hydrogen peroxide whitening strips, and color improved with continued usage over seven days.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Color
  • Cuspid / pathology
  • Dentin Sensitivity / chemically induced
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / administration & dosage
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / therapeutic use*
  • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
  • Incisor / pathology
  • Male
  • Oxidants / administration & dosage
  • Oxidants / therapeutic use*
  • Placebos
  • Safety
  • Stomatitis / chemically induced
  • Tooth Bleaching* / instrumentation
  • Tooth Bleaching* / methods
  • Tooth Discoloration / pathology
  • Tooth Discoloration / therapy
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Oxidants
  • Placebos
  • Hydrogen Peroxide