Cardiac and intestinal natriuretic peptides: insights from genetically modified mice

Peptides. 2005 Jun;26(6):1078-85. doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2004.08.031. Epub 2005 Apr 14.

Abstract

Since the original discovery of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) more than two decades ago, the application of gene targeting technology in mice has provided new insights into the diverse physiological functions of natriuretic peptides and their membrane guanylyl cyclase (GC) receptors. Disruption of the genes for ANP or its receptor, GC-A, demonstrated that this system is not only essential for the maintenance of normal blood pressure and volume, but in addition exerts local antihypertrophic effects in the heart. Disruption of the genes encoding B-type (BNP) or C-type natriuretic peptides (CNP) or the CNP-receptor, GC-B, demonstrated that these "natriuretic" peptides are in fact unlikely to physiologically regulate renal sodium excretion but instead exert important autocrine/paracrine cGMP-mediated effects on cellular proliferation and differentiation in various tissues. Notably, the intestinal peptide uroguanylin, which activates a third guanylyl cyclase receptor (GC-C), exerts diuretic/natriuretic activity and links the intestine and kidney in an endocrine way to modulate renal function in response to oral salt load. Reviewed here is the physiology of cardiac and intestinal natriuretic peptides and their guanylyl cyclase receptors, with special focus on the information gained to date from genetically modified mice.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Blood Pressure
  • Gene Deletion
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Guanylate Cyclase / genetics
  • Guanylate Cyclase / metabolism
  • Guanylate Cyclase / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / genetics
  • Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / physiology*
  • Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type / genetics
  • Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type / physiology*
  • Peptides / chemistry
  • Protein Binding
  • Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor / genetics
  • Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor / physiology*
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Peptides
  • Natriuretic Peptide, Brain
  • Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type
  • Guanylate Cyclase
  • Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor
  • atrial natriuretic factor receptor B