Histopathologic pattern and clinical features of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease

Chest. 2005 Jun;127(6):2019-27. doi: 10.1378/chest.127.6.2019.

Abstract

Study objectives: To investigate the histopathologic pattern and clinical features of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD) according to the American Thoracic Society (ATS)/European Respiratory Society consensus classification of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia.

Design: Retrospective review.

Setting: Two thousand-bed, university-affiliated, tertiary referral center.

Patients: Eighteen patients with RA who underwent surgical lung biopsy (SLBx) for suspected ILD.

Method: SLBx specimens were reviewed and reclassified by three lung pathologists according to the ATS/European Respiratory Society classification. Clinical features and follow-up courses for the usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern and the nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) pattern were compared.

Results: The histopathologic patterns were diverse: 10 patients with the UIP pattern, 6 patients with the NSIP pattern, and 2 patients with inflammatory airway disease with the organizing pneumonia pattern. RA preceded ILD in the majority of patients (n = 12). In three patients, ILD preceded RA; in three patients, both conditions were diagnosed simultaneously. The majority (n = 13) of patients had a restrictive defect with or without low diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (D(LCO)) on pulmonary function testing; 2 patients had only low (D(LCO)). The UIP and NSIP groups were significantly different in their male/female ratios (8/2 vs 0/6, respectively; p = 0.007) and smoking history (current/former or nonsmokers, 8/2 vs 0/6; p = 0.007). Many of the patients with the UIP pattern had typical high-resolution CT features of UIP. Five patients with the UIP pattern died, whereas no deaths occurred among patients with the NSIP pattern during median follow-up durations of 4.2 years and 3.7 years, respectively.

Conclusions: The histopathologic type of RA-ILD was diverse; in our study population, the UIP pattern seemed to be more prevalent than the NSIP pattern.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Arthritis, Rheumatoid / complications*
  • Arthritis, Rheumatoid / pathology*
  • Biopsy, Needle
  • Bronchoalveolar Lavage
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Lung Diseases, Interstitial / complications*
  • Lung Diseases, Interstitial / pathology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Probability
  • Respiratory Function Tests
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Statistics, Nonparametric
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed