Multiple M components in two patients with splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes

Ann Hematol. 2006 Jan;85(1):51-4. doi: 10.1007/s00277-005-1074-9. Epub 2005 Jul 9.

Abstract

Splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes (SLVL) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by the presence of typical lymphoid cells with villous projections and monoclonal immunoglobulin (M-Ig) in about 30% of patients. The simultaneous presence of more than one M-Ig in SLVL has not been reported. We present two patients with SLVL, each with three serum M components associated with the presence of rheumatoid factor (RF) and antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA) together with fatal thromboembolic events. Both patients presented with splenomegaly and typical bone marrow cytology with 30-50% infiltration of lymphoid cells that had the characteristics of villous lymphocytes. Immunohistochemistry of bone marrow histology showed CD20++, CD43-/+, CD5-, IgM+, lambda+ and kappa-. In serum, two M-IgM lambda components were combined with M-IgG lambda in case 1 and with M-IgA lambda in case 2. In both cases, M-IgM displayed RF as well as lupus anticoagulant activity and free monoclonal lambda (lambda) light chains were present. In addition to M-IgM, in case 1 M-IgG also behaved like an APLA. One patient was splenectomized. Both patients suffered thromboembolic complications and died 3 and 8 months after presentation with signs of massive pulmonary thromboembolism.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / blood
  • Antigens, CD / blood
  • Fatal Outcome
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains / blood
  • Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains / blood
  • Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • Lymphocytes / pathology
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / blood*
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / complications
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / pathology
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / surgery
  • Middle Aged
  • Myeloma Proteins / analysis
  • Pulmonary Embolism / blood*
  • Pulmonary Embolism / etiology
  • Pulmonary Embolism / pathology
  • Pulmonary Embolism / surgery
  • Splenectomy
  • Splenic Neoplasms / blood*
  • Splenic Neoplasms / complications
  • Splenic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Splenic Neoplasms / surgery
  • Splenomegaly / blood
  • Splenomegaly / complications
  • Splenomegaly / pathology
  • Splenomegaly / surgery

Substances

  • Antibodies, Antiphospholipid
  • Antigens, CD
  • Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains
  • Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains
  • Myeloma Proteins