The study presents a comparison of the distribution of sole dermatoglyphs in the rural populations of different regions of Poland, namely, the Lublin region, the areas of Suwałki, Ostrołeka, and of the village of Giebło. A comparison of the occurrence frequency of dermatoglyphs in the population of the Lublin region and that of their occurrence in the populations of Suwałki, Ostrołeka and Giebło areas reveals statistically significant differences between particular patterns. The differences result from ethnic isolation and isolation of the communities caused by geographical barriers.