Like other countries, the physicians accusation that might be right or wrong, have increased nowadays in Turkey. Even all precautions are taken in the operation theatre, there are still some cases in which foreign bodies are retained in the abdominal cavity. It is not likely for the cases of retained foreign bodies in the abdominal cavity to be considered as an acceptable complication. Therefore, the surgeon must keep in mind that in such situations they are going to be judged as faulty both in the civil courts and in the courts of first instance. In this study incidences, causes and legal outcomes of the foreign bodies that are left behind in the abdominal cavity in Turkey are discussed.