Two new cell lines were established from a single human uterine cervical adenocarcinoma which had been successfully transplanted into nude mice. They were subcultivated more than 70 times over a period of 46 months and designated as TCO-1 and TCO-2, respectively. Growth characteristics, modes of chromosomes and specific tumor makers were different in TCO-1 and TCO-2. The plating efficiency of TCO-1 was greater and its doubling time was shorter than those of TCO-2. Modes of chromosomes were 77 in TCO-1 and 94 in TCO-2. Their chemosensitivities to 13 anticancer drugs were studied by MTT assay. Only the mitomycin C (MMC) was an effective agent for both TCO-1 and TCO-2 cell lines which were characteristically different from each other. The results suggest that MMC would be a promising agent for chemotherapy of human uterine cervical adenocarcinoma. The influences of 6 hormones (estradiol, progesterone, dihydrotestosterone, medroxyprogesterone acetate, human menopausal gonadotropin, human chorionic gonadotropin) on their proliferation were studied by MTT assay and dye exclusion assay. TCO-1 and TCO-2 showed no significant changes in proliferation in any of them. It is suggested that hormone replacement therapy could be indicated even for postoperative patients with cervical adenocarcinoma.