Long-term follow-up of patients with birdshot retinochoroidopathy treated with systemic immunosuppression

Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2005 Jul-Aug;13(4):289-93. doi: 10.1080/09273940490912407.

Abstract

Purpose: Birdshot retinochoroidopathy (BRC) is a rare uveitis syndrome of presumed autoimmune etiology. Therapy with systemic and periocular corticosteroids is of inconsistent efficacy, attendant with numerous potential long-term side effects. Corticosteroid-sparing strategies with agents such as cyclosporine A or azathioprine have been suggested for this disease.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical charts of patients with BRC who were evaluated consecutively at a tertiary-care, referral-based North American uveitis clinic over a 15-year period.

Results: Eleven Caucasian patients (22 eyes) were diagnosed with BRC, representing approximately 1% of all cases seen at the uveitis clinic. HLA-A29 was positive in all 11 patients. We elected to treat five patients with azathioprine, methotrexate, cyclosporine A, mycophenolate mofetil, and/or IvIg, as well as systemic or periocular corticosteroid injections. The median period of follow-up for the five treated patients was six years (range: 8 months-13 years). Inflammation was reduced or stabilized in five of five patients.

Conclusion: Although the definitive strategy for the management of BRC is unknown, control of intraocular inflammation and preservation of vision is possible with corticosteroid-sparing immunosuppressive agents.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Autoimmune Diseases / drug therapy
  • Azathioprine / therapeutic use
  • Choroid Diseases / drug therapy*
  • Cyclosporine / therapeutic use
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Glucocorticoids / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppression Therapy
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Male
  • Methotrexate / therapeutic use
  • Middle Aged
  • Mycophenolic Acid / analogs & derivatives
  • Mycophenolic Acid / therapeutic use
  • Retinal Diseases / drug therapy*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Syndrome
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Uveitis / drug therapy*

Substances

  • Glucocorticoids
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Cyclosporine
  • Mycophenolic Acid
  • Azathioprine
  • Methotrexate