CD36 involvement in orosensory detection of dietary lipids, spontaneous fat preference, and digestive secretions

J Clin Invest. 2005 Nov;115(11):3177-84. doi: 10.1172/JCI25299.

Abstract

Rats and mice exhibit a spontaneous attraction for lipids. Such a behavior raises the possibility that an orosensory system is responsible for the detection of dietary lipids. The fatty acid transporter CD36 appears to be a plausible candidate for this function since it has a high affinity for long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) and is found in lingual papillae in the rat. To explore this hypothesis further, experiments were conducted in rats and in wild-type and CD36-null mice. In mice, RT-PCR experiments with primers specific for candidate lipid-binding proteins revealed that only CD36 expression was restricted to lingual papillae although absent from the palatal papillae. Immunostaining studies showed a distribution of CD36 along the apical side of circumvallate taste bud cells. CD36 gene inactivation fully abolished the preference for LCFA-enriched solutions and solid diet observed in wild-type mice. Furthermore, in rats and wild-type mice with an esophageal ligation, deposition of unsaturated LCFAs onto the tongue led to a rapid and sustained rise in flux and protein content of pancreatobiliary secretions. These findings demonstrate that CD36 is involved in oral LCFA detection and raise the possibility that an alteration in the lingual fat perception may be linked to feeding dysregulation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bile / metabolism
  • CD36 Antigens / genetics
  • CD36 Antigens / metabolism
  • CD36 Antigens / physiology*
  • Dietary Fats / administration & dosage*
  • Digestive System / metabolism*
  • Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / administration & dosage
  • Feeding Behavior / physiology*
  • Food Preferences / physiology*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Mouth Mucosa / metabolism
  • Mouth Mucosa / physiology
  • Pancreas / metabolism
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Taste Buds / cytology
  • Taste Buds / metabolism
  • Taste Buds / physiology
  • Tongue / metabolism
  • Tongue / physiology
  • Transducin / metabolism

Substances

  • CD36 Antigens
  • Dietary Fats
  • Fatty Acids, Unsaturated
  • gustducin
  • Transducin