Endovenous treatment of the great saphenous vein using a 1,320 nm Nd:YAG laser causes fewer side effects than using a 940 nm diode laser

Abstract

Background: Limited data are available about treatment-related side effects with respect to laser wavelength in endovenous laser treatment (ELT) of the great saphenous vein (GSV).

Objective: To compare the results and side effects of a 940 nm diode and a 1,320 nm neodymium:yttium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser.

Methods: Three patient cohorts (A, B, and C) received ELT of the GSV using a 940 nm diode laser at 15 W (group A) or 30 W (group B) or using a 1,320 nm laser at 8 W (group C). In all cases, energy was administered continuously with constant pullback of the laser fiber under perivenous tumescent local anesthesia.

Results: The GSVs of group A (n = 113), group B (n = 136), and group C (n = 33) received ELT. An average linear endovenous energy density of 24, 63, and 62 J/cm and an average endovenous fluence equivalent of 12, 30, and 33 J/cm2 were administered to the vein. Occlusion rates were 95% (group A), 100% (group B), and 100% (group C) at day 1 after ELT and 90.3% (group A), 100% (group B), and 97% (group C) at 3 months after ELT. With the 1,320 nm laser ELT (group C), treatment-related pain (50%) and the need for analgesics (36%) were significantly reduced (p < .005) in comparison with treatment-related pain (81%) and the need for analgesics (67%) after the 30 W 940 nm laser ELT (group B). Ecchymosis was also significantly reduced (p < .05) in group C (1,320 nm) compared with group B (30 W, 940 nm).

Conclusion: ELT of the GSV using a 1,320 nm Nd:YAG laser causes fewer side effects compared with 940 nm diode laser ELT.