Two studies were performed to determine whether topical phenol is a safe and well tolerated local anaesthetic for grommet insertion. Study 1 was a retrospective examination of audiological outcomes and complications. Data were obtained regarding 71 procedures in 57 patients. One late infection and nine early extrusions were noted. No statistically significant changes between pre- and post-operative bone conduction thresholds were found. Study 2 was a prospective analysis of patients' perceptions of the procedure. Data from 17 patient questionnaires were analysed as follows: pain rating--not painful, three patients; slightly painful, 14 patients. Overall experience rating--pleasant, four patients; slightly unpleasant, 10; unpleasant, three. All patients stated that they would undergo the procedure again. In conclusion, we found no evidence of phenol-induced hearing loss. The complication rate was within normal limits and patients were satisfied with the procedure. Grommet insertion using phenol as a local anaesthetic is safe and acceptable to patients.