Factors associated with early asthma readmission have not been fully studied. To identify predictors of early readmission, we performed a matched case-control study of children discharged with primary diagnosis of asthma. Cases were readmitted with asthma within 30 days of discharge. Controls were not readmitted. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used. History of asthma hospitalization within the past 12 months was an independent predictor of early readmission (OR 1.89, p = 0.021). Modifiable factors such as medical treatment and management during and upon discharge from the index admission did not predict early asthma readmission.