Estrogen receptor-alpha binds p53 tumor suppressor protein directly and represses its function

J Biol Chem. 2006 Apr 14;281(15):9837-40. doi: 10.1074/jbc.C600001200. Epub 2006 Feb 9.

Abstract

Estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) promotes proliferation of breast cancer cells, whereas tumor suppressor protein p53 impedes proliferation of cells with genomic damage. Whether there is a direct link between these two antagonistic pathways has remained unclear. Here we report that ERalpha binds directly to p53 and represses its function. The activation function-2 (AF-2) domain of ERalpha and the C-terminal regulatory domain of p53 are necessary for the interaction. Knocking down p53 and ERalpha by small interfering RNA elicits opposite effects on p53-target gene expression and cell cycle progression. Remarkably, ionizing radiation that causes genomic damage disrupts the interaction between ERalpha and p53. Ionizing radiation together with ERalpha knock down results in additive effect on transcription of endogenous p53-target gene p21 (CDKN1) in human breast cancer cells. Our findings reveal a novel mechanism for regulating p53 and suggest that suppressing p53 function is an important component in the pro-proliferative role of ERalpha.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Breast Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Cell Cycle
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / metabolism
  • Estrogen Receptor alpha / metabolism
  • Estrogen Receptor alpha / physiology*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic*
  • Genes, p53
  • Humans
  • Immunoblotting
  • Immunoprecipitation
  • Plasmids / metabolism
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • RNA, Small Interfering / metabolism
  • Radiation, Ionizing
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Time Factors
  • Transcriptional Activation
  • Transfection
  • Transgenes
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism*

Substances

  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21
  • Estrogen Receptor alpha
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53