Effects of mild leg exercise in a seated position on haemostatic parameters under normobaric hypoxic conditions

Abstract

This study tested the hypothesis that in humans mild leg exercise affects haemostasis in normobaric hypoxia and thus avoids the development of a deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Eight young men breathed in a 15.4% oxygen in nitrogen gas mixture for 2 hrs while seated at rest (R) or seated and performing a 3-min mild leg exercise program (Ex) at 15-min intervals to assess the impact of mild leg exercise on haemostatic parameters related to the risk of developing DVT, as has been discussed for hypobaric hypoxic conditions during commercial airline travel. Capillary blood gases were analysed every 30 min. Heart rate was monitored continuously. Haemostatic parameters were analysed from venous blood at the beginning, after 1 and 2 hrs, and after a 30-min resting period in normoxic conditions. Plasminogen-activator-inhibitor-1 diminished in both tests in hypoxia, but not after the resting period. Antithrombin-III decreased in R in the hypoxic period. Platelet count, international normalized ratio, partial thromboplastin time remained unchanged, as did highly sensitive parameters like tissue-plasminogen-activator, alpha2-antiplasmin, d-dimers, thrombin-antithrombin-III-complexes, and prothrombin-fragments 1 and 2. The haematocrit decreased significantly in R. The mild leg execise prevented the decrease of antithrombin-III and caused an increase in haematocrit after an initial drop in the first hour. The present study revealed that normobaric hypoxia did not have clinically relevant effects on haemostasis in humans. Mild leg exercise carried out under those conditions did not lead, via alterations in haemostasis, to a reduced risk of DVT.