Inflammation, insulin resistance and carotid IMT in first degree relatives of north Indian type 2 diabetic subjects

Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2006 Aug;73(2):205-10. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2006.01.009. Epub 2006 Mar 10.

Abstract

Inflammation is associated with insulin resistance, atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes but whether it causes insulin resistance and accelerated atherosclerosis or an epiphenomena of insulin resistance is not clear. Thirty-eight young normoglycemic, non-obese, first degree relatives of type 2 diabetic subjects (FH(+)) and 38 control subjects without family history of diabetes (FH(-)) (age and sex matched), were studied to determine difference in inflammatory markers, insulin resistance and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT). Plasma glucose, insulin (fasting and 2h after 75gm oral glucose) lipids and serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and fibrinogen were measured after an overnight fast of 10-12h. First degree relative group (FH(+)) have higher BMI (p<0.05), composite IMT (p<0.05) and CRP level (p<0.05), however, after adjustment for BMI, the two groups did not significantly differ. Fibrinogen was not significantly correlated with composite IMT in FH(+) group after controlling with BMI. In FH(+) group composite IMT was significantly correlated with systolic blood pressure (p<0.05), LDL-cholesterol (p<0.05), postprandial insulin level (p<0.05) and HOMA-IR (p<0.05) after adjustment of BMI. Thus insulin resistance is a major determinant of atherosclerosis in subjects with high risk of type 2 diabetes showing the strong relationship between inflammation, obesity and insulin resistance.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Blood Glucose / analysis
  • Blood Pressure
  • Body Mass Index
  • C-Reactive Protein / analysis
  • Carotid Arteries / diagnostic imaging
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / diagnosis*
  • Diabetic Angiopathies / diagnostic imaging
  • Diabetic Angiopathies / etiology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hyperglycemia / diagnosis
  • Inflammation / complications*
  • Inflammation / diagnosis
  • Insulin / blood
  • Insulin Resistance*
  • Lipids / blood
  • Male
  • Obesity / complications
  • Obesity / diagnosis
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / analysis
  • Tunica Intima / diagnostic imaging
  • Tunica Media / diagnostic imaging
  • Ultrasonography

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Blood Glucose
  • Insulin
  • Lipids
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • C-Reactive Protein